Taylor-Cotter was born in Melbourne and attended Calder High School. After a lead role in Pirate Islands, she starred as Rosie Cartwright in The Sleepover Club in 2003.

She transitioned to mature audience programs with guest roles on Blue Heelers and Neighbours in 2003. She then joined the regular cast of Neighbours as part of the Timmins family in the role of Janae Hoyland (ne Timmins), whose arrival in Ramsay Street was broadcast in Australia on 4 April 2005. Eliza completed her filming for Neighbours in October 2007 and her final episode screened on 8 February 2008.

She has not ruled out a return to the series.

She travelled to the United Kingdom in late November 2007, and on 1 December 2007 she turned on the Weymouth Christmas lights. On 19 December, Eliza starred as Snow White in a Christmas pantomime, again in Weymouth.

In 2009, she was in an episode of All Saints and filmed a short drama/comedy movie called The Laundromat.Eliza filmed a role in the horror movie 6plots.

She just filmed a pilot Winners and Losers.She moved to Los Angeles, California in 2011 in pursuit of TV and film roles. Her first American role will be Cassidy in The Spectacular Now.

On 1 March 2013, it was announced that Taylor-Cotter will play the lead character "Clarke" in CW's upcoming drama series The 100.

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